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MOTOROLA
SEMICONDUCTOR TECHNICAL DATA
Order this document by MC14497/D
PCM Remote Control Transmitter
The MC14497 is a PCM remote control transmitter realized in CMOS technology. Using a dual-single (FSK/AM) frequency bi-phase modulation, the transmitter is designed to work with the MC3373 receiver. Information on the MC3373 can be found in the Motorola Linear and Interface Integrated Circuits book (DL128/D). There is not a decoder device which is compatible with the MC14497. Typically, the decoding resides in MCU software. * Both FSK/AM Modulation Selectable * 62 Channels (Up to 62 Keys) * Reference Oscillator Controlled by Inexpensive Ceramic Resonator: Maximum Frequency = 500 kHz * Very Low Duty Cycle * Very Low Standby Current: 50 A Maximum * Infrared Transmission * Selectable Start-Bit Polarity (AM Only) * Shifted Key Mode Available * Wide Operating Voltage Range: 4 to 10 V * See Application Notes AN1016 and AN1203
18 1
MC14497
P SUFFIX PLASTIC DIP CASE 707
ORDERING INFORMATION
MC14497P Plastic DIP
PIN ASSIGNMENT
E3 E2 E9 A4 A3 A2 A1 SIGNAL OUT VSS 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 VDD E1 E4 E5 E6 OSCout OSCin E8 E7
BLOCK DIAGRAM
VDD
18
KEYBOARD
E1 E2 E3 E4 E5 E6 E7 E8
17 2 1 16 15 14 10 11 3
MUX
8
ENCODER 7-BIT SR
OUTPUT CONTROL
A4 A3 A2 A1 E9
3-BIT LATCH
SEQUENCE CONTROL STANDBY
DIVIDER / 10/12
7 6 5 4 FK3 FK1
SCANNER
DIVIDER / 32
DIVIDER / 16
OSC IN 9 12 OUT 13 500 kHz CERAMIC RESONATOR
SAME AS IN DL136/D R3
(c) Motorola, Inc. 1995 MOTOROLA
MC14497 1
AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA A AA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA A AA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA A AA AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA A AA
MAXIMUM RATINGS (Voltages referenced to VSS)
Parameter Symbol VDD Vin I DC Supply Voltage Value Unit V V - 0.5 to + 18 Input Voltage, All Inputs - 0.5 to VDD + 0.5 10 DC Current Drain per Pin mA C C Operating Temperature Range Storage Temperature Range TA Tstg - 40 to + 85 - 65 to + 150
This device contains circuitry to protect the inputs against damage due to high static voltages or electric fields; however, it is advised that normal precautions be taken to avoid application of any voltage higher than maximum rated voltages to this high-impedance circuit. For proper operation it is recommended that Vin and Vout be constrained to the range VSS (Vin or Vout) VDD.
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (TA = 0 to 70C; all Voltages Referenced to VSS)
Characteristic Supply Voltage Supply Current Idle Operation Output Current -- Signal VOH = 3.0 V VOL = 0.5 V Output Current -- Scanner VOH = 3.0 V VOL = 0.5 V Output Current -- Oscillator VOH = 3.0 V VOL = 0.5 V Input Current -- Oscillator Operation Idle, VIL = 0.5 V Input Current -- Encoder VIH = 9.0 V VIL = 0.5 V Input Voltage -- Encoder Source Sink Source Sink Source Sink Symbol VDD IDD 10 10 IOH IOL IOH IOL IOH IOL Iin 10 4 Iin 10 4 VIH VIL VIH VIL 10 10 4 4 - 15 -- 9 -- 3 -- -- - 60 -- 1.2 -- 1.0 V 4 4 4 4 4 4 -- -- - 900 120 - 30 245 - 300 245 2 30 50 5 -- -- A -- -- A -- -- 80 -- A VDD -- Min 4.0 Max 10.0 Unit V A mA A
A
MC14497 2
MOTOROLA
CIRCUIT OPERATION
The transmitter sends a 6-bit, labelled A (LSB) to F (MSB), binary code giving a total of 64 possible combinations or code words. All of these channels are user selectable, except the last two (where channel 63 is not sent while channel 62 is automatically sent by the transmitter at the end of each transmission as an "End of Transmission" code). In either mode, FSK or AM, the transmitted signal is in the form of a bi-phase pulse code modulation (PCM) signal. The AM coding is shown in Figure 1.
BIT-n f1 "0"
to make an intermediate keyboard with between 32 and 64 keys. The other two switches in the Block Diagram (FK1 and FK2) change the modulation mode. Closing FK1 changes the modulation from FSK to AM and the start-bit polarity. Closing FK2 changes the start-bit to a logical 0. The full range of options available is illustrated in Table 1. Table 1.
Start Bit E9 = Open E9 = A1 (FK1) E9 = A2 (FK2) E9 = A3 (FK3) 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 Modulation FSK AM FSK FSK AM AM FSK AM Bit-F 0 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 Channels 0 - 31 0 - 31 0 - 31* 32 - 61 0 - 31 32 - 61 32 - 61* 32 - 61
AM "1"
f1
E9 = A1 * A2 E9 = A1 * A3 E9 = A2 * A3
Figure 1. AM Coding In the AM mode, f1 is a train of pulses at the modulating frequency of 31.25 kHz for a reference frequency of 500 kHz. In the FSK mode, two modulating frequencies are used as shown in Figure 2.
BIT-n f2 "0" FSK f3 "1" f2 f3
E9 = A1 * A2 * A3 * Not allowed.
Figure 2. FSK Coding In this mode, f3 is 50 kHz and f2 is 41.66 kHz for a reference frequency of 500 kHz. The keyboard can be a simple switch matrix using no external diodes, connected to the four scanner inputs (A1 - A4) and the eight row input (E1 - E8). Under these conditions, only the first 32 code words are available since bit-F is always at logical 0. However, a simple 2-pole changeover switch, in the manner of a typewriter "shift" key (switch FK3 in the Block Diagram) can be used to change the polarity of bit-F to give access to the next full set of 32 instructions. An alternative method of accessing more than 32 instructions is by the use of external diodes between the address inputs (see Figure 3). These have the effect of producing "phantom" address inputs by pulling two inputs low at the same time, which causes bit-F to go high (i.e., to logical 1). By interconnecting only certain address inputs it is possible
One of the transmitter's major features is its low power consumption (in the order of 10 A in the idle state). For this reason, the battery is perpetually in circuit. It has in fact been found that a light discharge current is beneficial to battery life. In its active state, the transmitter efficiency is increased by the use of a low duty cycle which is less than 2.5% for the modulating pulse trains. While no key is pressed, the circuit is in its idle state and the reference oscillator is stopped. Also, the eight address input lines are held high through internal pull-up resistors. As soon as a key is pressed, this takes the appropriate address line low, signaling to the circuit that a key has been selected. The oscillator is now enabled. If the key is released before the code word has been sent, the circuit returns to its idle state. To account for accidental activation of the transmitter, the circuit has a built-in reactive time of approximately 20 ms, which also overcomes contact bounce. After this delay, the code word will be sent and repeated at 90 ms intervals for as long as the key is pressed. As soon as the key is released, the circuit automatically sends channel 62, the "End of Transmission" (EOT) code. The transmitter then returns to its idle state. The differences between the two modulation modes are illustrated in Figure 4. However, it should be noted that in the AM mode, each transmitted word is preceded by a burst of pulses lasting 512 s. This is used to set up the AGC loop in the receiver's preamp. In the FSK mode, the first frequency of the first bit is extended by 1.5 ms and the AGC burst is suppressed. In either mode, it is assumed that the normal start-bit is present.
MOTOROLA
MC14497 3
PIN DESCRIPTIONS
E1 - E8 Row Inputs (Pins 1, 2, 10, 11, 14, 15, 16, 17) Under idle conditions, these inputs are held high by internal pull-up resistors. As soon as a key is pressed, a logical 0 on that particular line signals to the circuit that a key has been selected. After a delay of 20 ms, the internal register is loaded with the code word for the key selected. E9 Row Input (Pin 3) This is a special programming input and when connected to the appropriate scanner output via a diode, it will modify the transmitted output according to Table NO TAG. In Table NO TAG, the figures in brackets (FK1, etc.) refer to the switches shown in the Block Diagram and Figure 3. If only one option is required, the diode may be omitted. The connections shown in Table NO TAG may be made in any combination. Although E9 is a row input, forcing this line low will not activate the circuit. A1 - A4 Scanner Outputs (Pins 4 - 7) Under idle conditions, these outputs are held low, logical 0. When a key is pressed, the circuit is activated and the oscillator will start and release the outputs (see Figure 5). OSCin, OSCout Oscillator Input and Oscillator Output (Pins 12, 13) These pins are designed to operate with a 500 kHz ceramic resonator or a tune LC circuit. It is important that a ceramic resonator and not a filter be used here, as the oscillator frequency cannot be guaranteed if a ceramic filter is used. SIGNAL OUT Signal Output (Pin 8) This output provides the modulating signal ready to drive the modulation amplifier. If required, the transmitter can be used as a keyboard encoder for direct use with a receiver. In this case, the AM option is selected, the output inverted, and fed directly to the receiver's signal input pin.
START BIT INSTRUCTION A B C FK2 E8a E1a E2 E2a E3 E3a E4 E4a E5 E5a E6 E6a E7 E7a E8 E1
VSS 17 9
VDD 18
2
1
16
15
14
10
11
A1 7 A2 6 A3 5 A4 4 FK1 E9 NOTE: Maximum key contact resistance = 1 k . C1 C2 3 12 13
Figure 3. 64-Key Keyboard
D E F
FSK
f3
f2
f3
f2
f3
f2
f3
f2
f3
AM
f1
f1
f1
f1
f1
f1
KEY WORD DEBOUNCE 20 ms
ONE WORD 9 ms 99 ms
Figure 4. Transmitted Waveforms and Timing (Not Drawn to Scale)
MC14497 4
MOTOROLA
KEY DOWN DEBOUNCE A1
KEY RELEASED
A2
A3
A4
Figure 5. Scanner Output Timing Diagram
1500 F
9V
100
0.1
1N4001 100 18 1 k
*
MC14497
8 13 * Visible Indicator C1 C2
KEYBOARD
9
12
C1 and C2 are sized per the ceramic resonator supplier's recommendation. Ceramic Resonator Suppliers: 1. Morgan Matrox, Inc., Bedford, OH, 216/232-8600 2. Radio Materials Co., Attica, IN, 317/762-2491 Motorola cannot recommend one supplier over another and in no way suggests that this is a complete listing of ceramic resonator suppliers.
Figure 6. Typical Application Circuit
MOTOROLA
MC14497 5
AGC BURST f4
START BIT f4
A f4
B f4 590 s 540 s
C f4 590 s 540 s
D f4 590 s 540 s
E
F f4
2.84 ms 540 s 540 s
1.155 ms
1.1 ms
1.16 ms 540 s
NOTES: 1. f4 = 28.4 kHz. 2. Indicated time durations are approximated.
Figure 7. AM Mode Transmitted Wavetrain with 455 kHz Oscillator
Table 2. Transmitted Codes
Code Word Channel 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 F 0 E 0 D 0 C 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 B 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 A 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 Keyboard In E8 E1 E2 E3 E4 E5 E6 E7 E8 E1 E2 E3 E4 E5 E6 E7 E8 E1 E2 E3 E4 E5 E6 E7 E8 E1 E2 E3 E4 E5 E6 E7 Out A4 A4 A4 A4 A4 A4 A4 A4 A1 A1 A1 A1 A1 A1 A1 A1 A3 A3 A3 A3 A3 A3 A3 A3 A2 A2 A2 A2 A2 A2 A2 A2 Channel 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 Not Transmitted F 1 E 0 Code Word D 0 C 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 B 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 A 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 Keyboard In E8a E1a E2a E3a E4a E5a E6a E7a E8a E1a E2a E3a E4a E5a E6a E7a E8a E1a E2a E3a E4a E5a E6a E7a E8a E1a E2a E3a E4a E5a E6a E7a Out A4 A4 A4 A4 A4 A4 A4 A4 A1 A1 A1 A1 A1 A1 A1 A1 A3 A3 A3 A3 A3 A3 A3 A3 A2 A2 A2 A2 A2 A2 A2 A2
0
0
1
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
0
1
1
1
1
1
NOTE: Although the "a" suffix applies to a phantom input when using a keyboard with up to 64 keys, the coding is identical with a 32-key keyboard when switch FK3 is closed.
MC14497 6
MOTOROLA
PACKAGE DIMENSIONS
P SUFFIX PLASTIC DIP CASE 707-02
NOTES: 1. POSITIONAL TOLERANCE OF LEADS (D), SHALL BE WITHIN 0.25 (0.010) AT MAXIMUM MATERIAL CONDITION, IN RELATION TO SEATING PLANE AND EACH OTHER. 2. DIMENSION L TO CENTER OF LEADS WHEN FORMED PARALLEL. 3. DIMENSION B DOES NOT INCLUDE MOLD FLASH. MILLIMETERS MIN MAX 22.22 23.24 6.10 6.60 3.56 4.57 0.36 0.56 1.27 1.78 2.54 BSC 1.02 1.52 0.20 0.30 2.92 3.43 7.62 BSC 15 0 0.51 1.02 INCHES MIN MAX 0.875 0.915 0.240 0.260 0.140 0.180 0.014 0.022 0.050 0.070 0.100 BSC 0.040 0.060 0.008 0.012 0.115 0.135 0.300 BSC 0 15 0.020 0.040
18 1
10
B
9
A C L
N F H G D
SEATING PLANE
K M J
DIM A B C D F G H J K L M N
MOTOROLA
MC14497 7
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MC14497 8
*MC14497/D*
MC14497/D MOTOROLA

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